Generally, two common alternatives for the present：
1. Grade 45# (China standard), or grade C45E4 internationally.
This grade of steel is generally employed where the load of a hollow steel rod is not so big. As a common medium quenched-and-tempered structural steel, features like high strength, machinability, and especially toughness, plasticity and wearability after relevant heat treatment, make it one of the popular materials for production of piston rod.
2. Grade 40Cr# (China standard) .
Accordingly, if the load of a piston rod is big, this grade of steel is usually adopted, which is mainly attributed to the good characteristics of hardenability and impact toughness as a medium quenched-and-tempered steel. Also, specially the good comprehensive mechanical property gained after quenching and tempering, with hardness between 32 and 36HRC, or 301-340HB, assures enough working strength essential to a piston rod. It’s naturally a good choice of material for a piston rod under conditions of high impact force and heavy transmission load.
After all, they are common materials. Besides, there are other suitable materials like GCr15, SUS304 and so on. In light of unique characteristics and advantages some materials own, we need make corresponding choice of materials according to different requests.
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